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Abstract
Osseointegrated implants in irradiated bone: a case-controlled study using adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
Authors: Granstrom G , Tjellstrom A , Branemark PI
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. gosta.granstrom@orlss.gu.se
J Oral Maxillofac Surg; 57(5):493-9 1999
Abstract: PURPOSE: The current investigation was undertaken to study whether osseointegration of implants in irradiated tissues is subject to a higher failure rate than in nonirradiated tissues. It further aimed to study whether hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBO) can be used to reduce implant failure. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy-eight cancer patients who were rehabilitated using osseointegrated implants between 1981 and 1997 were investigated. Three groups of patients were compared: irradiated (A), nonirradiated (B), and irradiated and HBO-treated (C). In addition, 10 irradiated patients who had lost most of their implants received new ones after HBO treatment. These were compared as a case-control group. RESULTS: Implant failures were highest in group A (53.7%). Implant failure was 13.5% in group B and 8.1% in group C. The difference between group A and the other two groups was statistically significant (P = .001 to .0023, Mantell's test). HBO significantly improved implant survival in the case-control group from 34 of 43 implants lost to 5 of 42 lost (P = .0078). CONCLUSIONS: Implant insertion in irradiated bone is associated with a higher failure rate. Adjuvant HBO treatment can reduce the failures. using adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen influences chemosensitivity and growth of metastatic prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU-145 (Meeting abstract)
Authors: Kalns J , Krock L , Piepmeier E
Davis Hyperbaric Laboratory, Brooks Air Force Base, San Antonio, TX 78235
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 38:A4085 1997
Abstract: Prostate cancer (CaP) is the second leading cause of cancer death in U.S. men and the most commonly diagnosed malignancy behind skin cancer. At diagnosis, 31% of patients will present with locally invasive and/or metastatic disease. Currently advanced CaP is untreatable, thus there is a critical need for new treatment modalities. We hypothesize that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) may reduce growth rate and/or increase chemosensitivity of CaP cells. This hypothesis was tested in metastatic CaP cell lines DU-145 and PC-3. Cell monolayers were exposed to chemotherapeutic agents cisplatin (Cis), taxol (Tax) or doxorubicin (Dox) for 90 minutes under HBO (3.0 atmospheres, 100% O2) or normal air. Cell number was measured indirectly 96 h after exposure, using the sulforhodamine B assay. The influence HBO had on growth was also determined. Results show that HBO reduces by 47.3% the concentration of Dox required to produce a 20% reduction in cell number (p=0.04), but does not change the concentration required to produce a more than 50% reduction in cell number (p more than 0.10). HBO had no effect on the chemosensitivity of DU-145 cells to Cis or Tax nor did HBO alter the sensitivity of PC-3 cells to Dox or Cis. HBO increased the sensitivity of PC-3 cells to Tax an average of 1.8% over the concentration range investigated (40-5000 ng/ml, p=0.01). HBO transiently reduced the growth rate of DU-145 cells 8.1% relative to control (p=0.01), but had no effect on the growth of PC-3 cells. This study shows that HBO can decrease the rate of growth and increase the sensitivity of CaP cells to anticancer agents; however the effects are dependent on the cell line studied. prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU-145.
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Abstract
Exposure to hyperbaric oxygen induces cell cycle perturbation in prostate cancer cells.
Authors: Kalns JE , Piepmeier EH
Davis Hyperbaric Laboratory, Brooks Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas 78235-5119, USA.
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 1999 Feb;35(2):98-101
Abstract: Cell cycle synchronization of tumor cells by exposure to hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) may increase the efficacy of chemotherapy or radiation by placing cells into a chemosensitive portion of the cycle. The purpose of the current study was to examine oxygen pressure-dependent relationships with respect to the cell cycle in prostate tumor cells in vitro. LNCaP cells were grown in an incubator at 21% O2 and then exposed to 100% oxygen at pressures up to 6 atmospheres (atm) for 1.5 h. Cells were then returned to the incubator and evaluated for DNA content by propidium iodide and new DNA synthesis with a pulse-chase experiment. Cell cycle effects were evaluated by flow cytometry. Exposure to HBO increased the percentage of cells synthesizing new DNA in a dose-dependent fashion: 0 atm, 44%; 6 atm, 65%. Cells that synthesize new DNA accumulate in G2/M as a function of partial pressure of oxygen. These results suggest that HBO induces cells to enter the cell cycle and accumulate in G2/M. Cell cycle synchronization and entry of senescent cells into the cell cycle suggest that HBO may be a useful adjuvant to chemotherapy or radiation in the treatment of prostate cancer. There are two potential mechanisms of action that may make HBO efficacious in the treatment of prostate cancer. HBO may potentiate cancer chemotherapeutic agents that cause damage to DNA during DNA synthesis or HBO may inhibit cell division causing accumulation in G2/M.
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Abstract
Successful treatment of radiation cystitis with hyperbaric oxygen therapy: resolution of bleeding event and changes of histopathological findings of the bladder mucosa.
Authors: Suzuki K , Kurokawa K , Suzuki T , Okazaki H , Otake N , Imai K , Yamanaka H
Department of Urology, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
Int Urol Nephrol; 30(3):267-71 1998
Abstract: To assess the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on radiation cystitis, clinical and histopathological characteristics were examined. Three women with radiation cystitis were treated with HBO therapy. Macrohaematuria was arrested in all patients. Cystoscopy demonstrated abnormal telangiectasia and inflammatory mucosa before treatment. After HBO therapy, the inflammatory mucosae were healed. However, abnormal vessels did not completely disappear. Histopathologically, the epithelium was atrophic and dilated lymph vessels and inflammatory cells were seen in the submucosa. These changes improved after treatment. HBO therapy is effective against radiation cystitis. With improvement of the clinical symptoms also the cystoscopic and histopathological findings changed favourably. therapy: resolution of bleeding event and changes of histopathological findings of the bladder mucosa.
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Abstract
Enhancement of radiosensitivity of rat rhabdomyosarcoma R1H with normobaric carbogen and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) using conventionally fractionated irradiation.
Authors: Hartmann KA , Carl UM , Plugge DC , Schneider CJ , Sminia P
Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiotherapy, The Netherlands.
Br J Radiol; 71(844):433-7 1998
Abstract: Hypoxic clonogenic cells are an important contributory factor in tumour radioresistance. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether hyperbaric oxygen enhances tumour radiosensitivity, using a conventionally fractionated irradiation schedule, and whether the radiosensitizing potential is different from carbogen. Experiments were performed using the rhabdomyosarcoma R1H model transplanted subcutaneously in the flank of WAG/Rij rats. A total of 30 X-ray fractions of 2 Gy were given either in air, normobaric carbogen or high pressure oxygen (HPO) (240 kPa, 2.37 atm) without anaesthesia. The time taken to achieve complete remission was 38.7 +/- 3.6 days, 36.7 +/- 2.7 days and 32.4 +/- 4.1 days for air, normobaric carbogen and HBO, respectively. The differences between air and HBO (p = 0.002) and carbogen and HBO (p = 0.015) were significant. Use of carbogen and HBO produced the same local control probability at 150 days and this was significantly higher than local control under ambient conditions (p < 0.0001). It was concluded that the time to achieve complete remission of the rat rhabdomyosarcoma R1H can be shortened by HBO. Furthermore, both HBO and carbogen give higher local control probabilities than treatment under ambient conditions when used with a conventionally fractionated radiation schedule. normobaric carbogen and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) using conventionally fractionated irradiation.
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Abstract
The effect of hyperbaric oxygen on growth and chemosensitivity of metastatic prostate cancer.
Authors: Kalns J , Krock L , Piepmeier E Jr
AL/AOH, Brooks Air Force Base, TX 78235-5304, USA.
Anticancer Res; 18(1A):363-7 1998
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, advanced prostate cancer (CaP) is not curable. In this report hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) is examined as an adjuvant to chemotherapy and as a stand-alone treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CaP cell monolayers grown under normoxic conditions were exposed to cisplatin, taxol or doxorubicin for 90 minutes under HBO (3.0 atmospheres, 100% O2) or normal pressure air. RESULTS: HBO reduced by 47% the concentration of doxorubicin required to produce a 20% reduction in cell numbers, but did not change the concentration required to produce a > 50% reduction. HBO increased the sensitivity of PC-3 cells to taxol at all concentrations, (mean 1.8%). Cisplatin chemosensitivity was not affected by HBO. HBO reduced the growth rate of DU-145 8.1% relative to control (p = 0.01), and PC-3 2.7% (p = 0.12). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that HBO can decrease the rate of growth, and increase sensitivity to anticancer agents, however, the effects are cell line dependent. metastatic prostate cancer.
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen and basic fibroblast growth factor promote growth of irradiated bone.
Authors: Wang X , Ding I , Xie H , Wu T , Wersto N , Huang K , Okunieff P
Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-1002, USA.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys; 40(1):189-96 1998
Abstract: PURPOSE: The goal of the current experiment is to test for protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on bone growth. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Control C3H mice received hind leg irradiation at 0, 10, 20, or 30 Gy. HBO-treated groups received radiation 1, 5, or 9 weeks before beginning HBO. The remaining groups began bFGF +/- HBO 1 or 5 weeks after 30 Gy. HBO treatments were given 5 days per week for 4 weeks at 2 ATA for 3 h/day. bFGF was given intravenously at 6 microg twice a week for 4 weeks. RESULTS: HBO improved bone growth after radiation in the 10 and 20 Gy groups. At 18 weeks control tibia length discrepancy is 0.0, 4.2, 8.2, and 10.7% after 0, 10, 20, and 30 Gy, respectively. HBO beginning in week 1, 5, or 9 following 10 Gy decreased these discrepancies to 2.0% (p < 0.05), 1.8% (p < 0.05), and 2.4% (p < 0.05), respectively. After 20 Gy, HBO decreased these discrepancies to 7.0% (p = ns), 4.9% (p < 0.05), and 3.6% (p < 0.05), respectively. At 30 Gy, HBO alone had no effect on bone shortening. bFGF improved tibia length discrepancy with or without HBO. At 18 weeks length discrepancies were 6.5% (p < 0.05) and 7.3 (p < 0.05), and after bFGF alone were 6.8% (p < 0.05) and 7.3% (p < 0.05) for treatment beginning in week 1 or 5, respectively. Tibial growth at 18 and 33 weeks following radiation were similar. CONCLUSION: Radiation effects on bone growth can be significant reduced by HBO after 10 or 20 Gy, but not after 30 Gy. At 30 Gy bFGF still significantly reduced the degree of bone shortening, but HBO provided no added benefit to bFGF therapy. irradiated bone.
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Abstract
Comparison of the uroprotective efficacy of mesna and HBO treatments in cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.
Authors: Etlik O , Tomur A , Deveci S , Piskin I , Pekcan M
Department of Physiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
J Urol; 158(6):2296-9 1997
Abstract: The aim of this research was to compare the protective effects of mesna, hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO), and their combination in cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in guinea pigs. Following one dose of i.p. 21.5 mg./kg. mesna administration 20 minutes before i.p. 68.1 mg./kg. cyclophosphamide, 3 additional doses of mesna were given every three hours. A total of 8 HBO exposures, 5 of which were applied prophylactically before cyclophosphamide, were performed at 2.8 ATA for 90 minutes 2 times a day. Although mesna or HBO provided significant protection for cyclophosphamide-cystitis in animal bladders, there was also significant damage compared with controls. The combination of mesna and HBO, which act through independent mechanisms, resulted in complete protection, since mean histological scores and hematuria levels in this group were not different from controls (p >0.05). Therefore, this combination may be a useful tool in the prophylaxis and treatment of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. CONTROL in cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.
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Abstract
The effect of hyperbaric oxygen on irradiated oral tissues: transmucosal oxygen tension measurements
Authors: Thorn JJ , Kallehave F , Westergaard P , Hansen EH , Gottrup F
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg; 55(10):1103-7 1997
Abstract: PURPOSE: This study measured the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment on transmucosal oxygen tension in irradiated human oral mucosa. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ten patients received 30 dives of HBO as part of their treatment for mandibular osteoradionecrosis. A noninvasive, nonheated oxygen electrode was used to measure the tissue surface transmucosal oxygen tension directly on the attached gingiva. Measurements were done before, during, and after HBO treatment. The normal level of gingival surface transmucosal oxygen tension was measured in five healthy volunteers. RESULTS: During HBO treatment, the transmucosal oxygen tension increased significantly after five dives of HBO (P < .05). After 30 dives, the increases were from a mean of 50% to a mean of 86% of the transmucosal oxygen tension of normal healthy gingiva. CONCLUSION: An increase in the transmucosal oxygen tension is based on neo-angiogenesis. Patients with subischemic tissues, such as the study population with postirradiation mucosal and osseous necrosis, therefore may benefit from treatment with HBO. transmucosal oxygen tension measurements.
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for wound complications after surgery in the irradiated head and neck: a review of the literature and a report of 15 consecutive patients.
Authors: Neovius EB , Lind MG , Lind FG
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Head Neck; 19(4):315-22 1997
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy, which is often used for cancer in the head and neck, leads to damage of tissue cells and vasculature. Surgery in such tissues has an increased complication rate, because wound healing requires angiogenesis and fibroplasia as well as white blood cell activity, all of which are jeopardized. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) raises oxygen levels in hypoxic tissue, stimulates angiogenesis and fibroplasia, and has antibacterial effects. METHODS: In this consecutive retrospective study, 15 patients with soft-tissue wounds without signs of healing after surgery in full-dose (64 Gy) irradiated head and neck regions were treated with HBO and adjuvant therapy. The patients in this study were also compared with patients examined in an earlier study, with corresponding wounds treated without HBO. RESULTS: The healing processes seemed to be initiated and accelerated by HBO. In the HBO group, 12 of 15 patients healed completely, 2 patients healed partially, and only 1 patient did not heal at all. There were no life-threatening complications. In the reference group, only 7 of 15 patients with corresponding wounds without signs of healing eventually healed without surgical intervention, and 2 patients had severe postoperative hemorrhage, which in one case was fatal. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of obtained results supports the hypothesis that HBO therapy has a clinically significant effect on initiation and acceleration of healing processes in irradiated soft tissues. irradiated head and neck: a review of the literature and a report of 15 consecutive patients.
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen enhances the effects of meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) on energy metabolism and lipid peroxidation in the human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-BE(2C).
Authors: Cornelissen J , Van Kuilenburg AB , Elzinga L , Van der Kleij AD , Voute PA , Van Gennip AH
Academic Medical Centre, Department of Paediatrics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Anticancer Res; 17(1A):259-64 1997
Abstract: In this paper we report the effects of the combination of MIBG (a structural analogue of norepinephrine, used in its radio iodinated form for the diagnosis and therapy of neuroblastoma) and hyperbaric oxygen on the human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-BE(2c). Exposure of the neuroblastoma cells to hyperbaric oxygen conditions enhanced the effects of MIBG on cell proliferation, lipid peroxidation and energy metabolism of the cell line. Cell proliferation and energy metabolism were further decreased and lipid peroxidation further increased. Enhancement of the effects of MIBG by HBO may provide an explanation for the positive effects on the cumulative survival curve observed when stage IV neuroblastoma patients were treated with the combination of [131I] MIBG and HBO. (MIBG) on energy metabolism and lipid peroxidation in the human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-BE(2C).
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Abstract
[Hyperbaric oxygenation--a method that improves the quality of life for cancer patients in the process of surgical and combined therapy]
Authors: Evtiukhin AI , Shul'ga NI , Dunaevskii IV
There is no Department for this article
Vopr Onkol; 42(5):90-2 1996
Abstract: The feasibility and advantages of application of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO)-assisted polychemotherapy have been demonstrated. A procedure for treatment of lymphorrhea following breast surgery has been developed. The therapeutic effect of HBO procedures in postoperative cases of enteroparesis, wound infection and posthemorrhagic anemia has been demonstrated. for cancer patients in the process of surgical and combined therapy]
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Abstract
[Hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) in the treatment of radiogenic side effects]
Authors: Hartmann A , Almeling M , Carl UM
Klinik fur Strahlentherapie und Radioonkologie, Universitat Dusseldorf.
Strahlenther Onkol; 172(12):641-8 1996
Abstract: AIM: Many reports show that late complications of radiotherapy can be successfully treated by hyperbaric oxygen (HBO). This synopsis attempts to review the literature to identify areas of clinical use and further research. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Clinical and experimental data about HBO treatment of radiation late effects are analysed. Mechanisms of hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of late radiation side effects are discussed. RESULTS: There is evidence in the literature that HBO is beneficial in the treatment of radiation cystitis, osteoradionecrosis of the mandible, hemorrhagic proctitis, soft tissue necrosis and neurologic deficits. The prophylactic use of HBO has shown to prevent the development of osteoradionecrosis after tooth removal and the loss of titanium implants in irradiated facial bones. The physiologic basis of HBO can be referred to induction of neoangiogenesis and revascularisation. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians can be encouraged to use hyperbaric oxygen for the treatment of radiation cystitis, osteonecrosis of the mandible, hemorrhagic proctitis, soft tissue necrosis and neurologic deficits following radiation therapy. (51 Refs) effects]
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Abstract
Hypoxic sensitizer and cytotoxin for head and neck cancer.
Authors: Lee DJ , Moini M , Giuliano J , Westra WH
Division of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-8922, USA.
Ann Acad Med Singapore; 25(3):397-404 1996
Abstract: Tumour hypoxia is well recognised as a major factor contributing to radioresistance. This article examines the role of hypoxia in influencing the treatment outcome following radiotherapy (RT), and reviews the rationale and results of clinical trials that utilise hypoxic sensitizers or cytotoxins in the treatment of head and neck carcinoma. Histologic evidence for tumour hypoxia in human neoplasms was first reported in 1955. Since then, direct measurement by microelectrodes has revealed heterogeneity in intratumoural oxygen concentrations, and low oxygen concentrations are associated with poor local-regional control by RT. These findings coupled with the result of nuclear imaging studies employing radiolabelled imidazoles, provide strong evidence for the existence of tumour hypoxia which influences RT treatment outcome. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) trials for head and neck cancer, conducted in the early 1970s, demonstrated that HBO improved local control and survival rates in patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiotherapy (RT). Since the mid-1970s, clinical research in overcoming tumour hypoxia was mainly centred on the use of nitro-imidazoles as hypoxic cell sensitizers. However, the results from several major clinical trials remain inconclusive. Specifically, the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) misonidazole head and neck trial (298 patients) showed no benefit.The Danish misonidazole trial (626 patients) showed no overall benefit, however positive results were observed in a subgroup (304 pharyngeal cancer patients). Although the European Organisation for Research and Teaching of Cancer (EORTC) misonidazole trial with hyperfractionated RT showed no benefit, the Danish nimorazole trial demonstrated an overall benefit in survival as well as local control. The European etanidazole (ETA) trial (374 patients) showed no advantage of adding the drug to RT. The RTOG ETA trial (504 patients) showed no global benefit. However, positive results were observed in a subset of patients with early nodal disease (197 patients). In addition, a recent meta-analysis by Overgaard, utilising pooled results in the literature demonstrated that modification of tumour hypoxia significantly improved local-regional control in head and neck cancers with an odds ratio of 1.23 (95% confidence limits 1.09 to 1.37). Hypoxic cytotoxins, such as tirapazamine, represent a novel approach in overcoming radioresistant hypoxic cells. Tirapazamine is a bioreductive agent which, by undergoing one electron reduction in hypoxic conditions, forms cytotoxic free radicals that produce DNA strand breaks causing cell death. In vitro and in vivo laboratory studies demonstrate that tirapazamine is 40 to 150 times more toxic to cells under hypoxic conditions as compared to oxygenated conditions and that tirapazamine is superior to ETA in enhancing fractionated irradiation in mouse SCCVII and other tumour types with an enhancement ratio of 1.5 to 3.0. Phase I studies demonstrated that therapeutic doses of tirapazamine can be given safely. A multi-institutional phase II trial using tirapazamine with concurrent RT for head and neck cancer is now in progress. (42 Refs) RADIOTHERAPY
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of radiation sequelae in children: The University of Pennsylvania Experience (Meeting abstract).
Authors: Ashamalla H , Thom SR , Goldwein JW
Department of Radiation Oncology, New York Methodist Hospital, New York, NY
Proceedings of the American Radium Society 78th Annual Meeting, p. 36; Paris, France, April 29-May 3, 1995.
Abstract: The role of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy for the treatment of radiation related sequelae in children has not been well documented. In an effort to better define its value, we reviewed our institution's experience. Materials and methods: Between 1989 and 1994, ten patients treated with irradiation as children were referred for HBO therapy. Five patients had HBO therapy as a prophylactic measure prior to maxillofacial procedures; 4 prior to tooth extraction and/or root canals and 1 prior to bilateral coronoidectomies for mandibular ankylosis. Therapeutic HBO was administered to 5 other patients: 1 patient for vasculitis resulting in acute VIIIth cranial nerve palsy and the other 4 following sequestrectomy of osteoradionecrosis (2 in the mastoid bone and 2 in the sacrum). The median number of treatments is 30 dives. Adjunctive therapy in the form of debridement, antibiotics, and placement of tympanotomy tubes were administered to 2 patients. Ages at HBO treatment ranged from 3.5 to 26 years (median = 12 years). Six were males and 4 were females. Eight patients had irradiation for head and neck tumors and 2 for pelvic malignancies. Radiation doses ranged between 4000 and 6660 cGy (median=5500 cGy). The interval between the end of radiation therapy and HBO treatment ranged between 5 months and 11 years (median = 15 months). The median follow-up interval after the HBO therapy was 2.5 years (range 2 months - 4 years). Results: Except for 2 patients who had initial anxiety, nausea and vomiting, the HBO treatments were well tolerated. In all but one, the outcome was excellent. In the 5 patients who had prophylactic HBO, all continued to demonstrate complete healing of their orthodontal scars at last follow-up.In the five patients who received HBO as a therapeutic modality, four had documented disappearance of signs and symptoms of radionecrosis and two of these demonstrated new bone growth on follow-up CT scan. One patient with vasculitis and VIIIth cranial nerve palsy had transient improvement of hearing, however subsequent audiograms returned to base line. Conclusions: The use of hyperbaric oxygen in patients treated with radiation as children is safe and results in few significant adverse effects. It is a potentially valuable tool both in the prevention and treatment of radiation related complications. children: The University of Pennsylvania Experience (Meeting abstract).
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Abstract
Effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on existing oral mucosal carcinoma.
Authors: McDonald KR , Bradfield JJ , Kinsella JK , Kumar D , Mader JA , Hokanson JA , Calhoun KH
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston. 77550-0521, USA.
Laryngoscope; 106(8):957-9 1996
Abstract: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) is used to treat some complications of head and neck carcinoma treatment. Several patients treated with HBO have had rapid growth of a clinically cured squamous cell carcinoma. Prior studies have produced conflicting evidence about the effect of HBO on tumor growth. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of HBO on established squamous cell carcinoma. Forty Golden Syrian hamster cheek-pouch carcinomas were induced with the established chemical carcinogen 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene. Twenty hamsters underwent 30 HBO dives for 60 minutes each to 2.81 atm, while 20 served as controls. At necropsy, animals receiving HBO therapy had significantly smaller tumors (P < .05) and showed a trend toward fewer cervical metastases (P < .06). HBO therapy with coexistent carcinoma inhibited the established tumor's growth.
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Abstract
[Potential value of hyperbaric oxygenation in the treatment of post-radiation myelopathies]
Authors: Angibaud G , Ducasse JL , Baille G , Clanet M
Service de Neurologie, CHT Gaston Bourret, Noumea.
Rev Neurol (Paris); 151(11):661-6 1995
Abstract: We describe 9 patients with radiation myelopathy treated by hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO). In this retrospective study, six out of nine (66%) could have been stabilized or improved by HBO. Physiopathological mechanisms of radiation myelopathy remain controversial and incompletely known. We discuss the putative mechanisms of the beneficial action of HBO on radiation myelopathy. Controlled studies are required to clarify the interest of HBO in this disease. post-radiation myelopathies]
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygenation therapy for cyclophosphamide-induced haemorrhagic cystitis.
Authors: Yazawa H , Nakada T , Sasagawa I , Miura M , Kubota Y
Department of Urology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan.
Int Urol Nephrol; 27(4):381-5 1995
Abstract: A 41-year-old female patient undergoing cyclophosphamide therapy for ovarian tumour suffered from haemorrhagic cystitis. Hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) (100% of oxygen concentration at 2 atmospheric absolute pressures for 60 minutes a day for 30 days) was performed. After treatment the symptom subsided and haematuria disappeared. Cystoscopic findings demonstrated marked improvement. During the course of therapy no side effect was noted. Thus, HBO treatment appeared to have a beneficial effect on cyclophosphamide cystitis. haemorrhagic cystitis.
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Abstract
The mechanisms by which hyperbaric oxygen and carbogen improve tumour oxygenation.
Authors: Brizel DM , Lin S , Johnson JL , Brooks J , Dewhirst MW , Piantadosi CA
Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
Br J Cancer; 72(5):1120-4 1995
Abstract: Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) has been proposed to reduce tumour hypoxia by increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen in the plasma. That this actually occurs has not been verified experimentally. This study was performed to explore changes in tumour oxygenation induced by treatment with normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen and carbogen. R3230Ac mammary adenocarcinomas were implanted into Fisher 344 rats. Arterial blood gases, blood pressure and heart rate were monitored. Tumour oxygenation was measured polarographically in five sets of animals. They received either normobaric 100% oxygen, hyperbaric (3 atmospheres; atm) 100% oxygen, normobaric carbogen or hyperbaric (3 atm) carbogen (HBC) +/- bretylium. HBO reduced the mean level of low pO2 values (< 5 mmHg) from 0.49 to 0.07 (P = 0.0003) and increased the average median pO2 from 8 mmHg to 55 mmHg (P = 0.001). HBC reduced the level of low pO2 values from 0.82 to 0.51 (P = 0.002) an increased median pO2 from 2 mmHg to 6 mmHg (P = 0.05). Normobaric oxygen and carbogen did not change tumour oxygenation significantly. Sympathetic blockade with bretylium before HBC exposure improved oxygenation significantly more than HBC alone (low pO2 0.55-0.17, median pO2 4-17 mmHg). HBO and hyperbaric carbogen improved tumour oxygenation in this model, while normobaric oxygen or carbogen had no effect. Sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction during hyperbaric carbogen caused it to be less effective than HBO. This mechanism also appeared to operate during normobaric carbogen breathing. oxygenation.
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Abstract
Effects of hyperbaric oxygen on S-180 sarcoma in mice.
Authors: Lian QL , Hang RC , Yan HF , Chen T , Ni GT , Lu HQ , Liu YY , Liu XQ
Department of Diving Medicine, Naval Medical Faculty, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Undersea Hyperb Med; 22(2):153-60 1995
Abstract: The contents of oxygen free radicals (OFRs) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in S-180 sarcoma tissues were measured in four groups of mice: an untreated normoxic group, a normoxic hyperbaric group, a hyperbaric oxygen group, and an HBO group treated with superoxide dismutase (SOD). Measurements were done by electron resonance and spectrophotometry, and observations were made on the volume, weight, necrosis incidence rate of sarcoma tissues, and mortality in all groups. The OFR and MDA content in sarcoma tissues in the HBO group was significantly higher than those of the control groups (P < 0.001); necrosis incidence of sarcoma tissues and the survival rate of mice were higher; the time required for necrosis was shorter, and the volume and weight of sarcoma tissues were smaller and lighter than those of the control groups (P < 0.01). The results suggest that SOD cannot completely eliminate OFRs produced by hyperbaric exposure, although the role of HBO in producing more OFRs can be counterbalanced by SOD to a certain degree. Apparently HBO can check the growth rate of sarcoma and accelerate the necrosis of S-180 sarcoma cells.
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Abstract
Evaluation of osseointegration of endosseous implants in radiated, vascularized fibula flaps to the mandible: a pilot study.
Authors: Barber HD , Seckinger RJ , Hayden RE , Weinstein GS
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia 19104-6003, USA.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg; 53(6):640-4; discussion 644-5 1995
Abstract: PURPOSE: This study clinically evaluated the osseointegration of implants placed into vascularized fibula flaps used in mandibular reconstruction of cancer patients following radiation treatment and subsequent hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five head and neck cancer patients had mandibular resection and immediate reconstruction with a vascularized fibula flap. Subsequent therapy included greater than 50 Gy of radiation to the fibula flap over a 6 to 8-week period. Two to 6 weeks following radiation therapy each patient received 20 90-minute daily sessions of HBO at 2.4 atmosphere pressure. Stage 1 implant surgery was performed placing two to six implants (15 mm in length and 3.75 to 4.0 mm in width) into each fibula flap. This was followed by 10 postoperative HBO sessions using the previously mentioned protocol. The stage 2 procedure was performed 6 months after the stage 1 procedure. Osseointegration was assessed clinically using manual force and an electronic device at the time the implants were uncovered and monthly over a 6-month period. RESULTS: All 20 implants placed in the fibula flaps were osseointegrated clinically at the time the implants were uncovered and during the 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSION: In this pilot study, mandibular reconstruction with a vascularized fibula flap and endosseous osseointegrated implants, following radiation of the fibula, was successful. It was concluded that factors such as the graft having its own blood supply and the use of HBO contributed to the successful osseointegration of these implants. vascularized fibula flaps to the mandible: a pilot study.
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Abstract
Evaluation of hyperbaric oxygen as a chemosensitizer in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer in xenografts in mice.
Authors: Alagoz T , Buller RE , Anderson B , Terrell KL , Squatrito RC , Niemann TH , Tatman DJ , Jebson P
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City 52242, USA.
Cancer; 75(9):2313-22 1995
Abstract: BACKGROUND. Resistance to chemotherapy is common in bulky hypoxic tumors such as epithelial ovarian cancer. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) oxygenates hypoxic tissues and promotes neovascularization. These unique properties of HBO may help overcome chemotherapy resistance by increasing both tumor perfusion and cellular sensitivity. This study was undertaken to determine if HBO increases the response of epithelial ovarian cancer to cisplatin chemotherapy. METHODS. In Phase I, 64 nu/nu mice were divided into four groups and subcutaneously inoculated with cells from the A2780 human epithelial ovarian cancer cell line. Group 1 served as controls. Group 2 received weekly intraperitoneal cisplatin (3.15 mg/kg). Group 3 was exposed to HBO (dives) at 2.4 atmospheres absolute pressure for 90 minutes, 7 days a week. Group 4 received both cisplatin and HBO. In Phase II, 72 mice were divided into two groups and similarly inoculated. Both groups received weekly intraperitoneal cisplatin (2.5 mg/kg). Group 1 was not exposed to HBO. Group 2 was exposed to HBO for 5 days a week. RESULTS. Dramatic tumor neovascularization was found in tumors of mice exposed to HBO (P = 0.0001). There was significant (P = 0.014) tumor growth retardation in Phase I for mice receiving both cisplatin and HBO compared with those treated with cisplatin alone. This significance was noted after just two doses of cisplatin but subsequently lost due to reduced numbers of mice. In Phase II, neovascularization was detectable after 10 HBO treatments (2 weeks) and was maximal after 15 treatments (3 weeks). CONCLUSIONS.. Hyperbaric oxygen increases vascularity in bulky tumors such as epithelial ovarian cancer. There appears to be a relationship between increased vascularity and enhanced response to chemotherapy that merits further investigation. of epithelial ovarian cancer in xenografts in mice.
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Abstract
Does hyperbaric oxygen have a cancer-causing or promoting effect? A review of the pertinent literature [see comments]
Authors: Feldmeier JJ , Heimbach RD , Davolt DA , Brakora MJ , Sheffield PJ , Porter AT
Department of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
Undersea Hyperb Med; 21(4):467-75 1994
Abstract: We reviewed all known published reports or studies related to a possible cancer-causing or growth-enhancing effect by hyperbaric oxygen. Published articles were retrieved using Medline searches for the period 1960-1993. Additional references were obtained from bibliographies included in those articles discovered in the computer search. Also, hyperbaric medicine text books and the published proceedings of international hyperbaric conferences were visually searched. Studies and reports discovered in this fashion and related to the topic were included in the review. Twenty-four references were found: 12 were clinical reports, 11 were animal studies, and 1 reported both an animal study and a clinical report. Three clinical reports suggested a positive cancer growth enhancement, whereas 10 clinical reports showed no cancer growth enhancement. Two animal studies suggested a positive cancer-enhancing effect, and 10 animal studies showed no such effect. (The report that included both animals and humans is counted in both groups). The vast majority of published reports show no cancer growth enhancement by HBO exposure. Those studies that do show growth enhancement are refuted by larger subsequent studies, are mixed studies, or are highly anecdotal. A review of published information fails to support a cancer-causing or growth-enhancing effect by HBO. (44 Refs) review of the pertinent literature [see comments]
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in hemorrhagic radiation cystitis: a report of 20 cases.
Authors: Lee HC , Liu CS , Chiao C , Lin SN
Department of Hyperbaric Medicine, Naval General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
Undersea Hyperb Med; 21(3):321-7 1994
Abstract: Radiation cystitis with macroscopic hematuria has been a frustrating clinical problem for urologists. Since 1985 hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) has been used to treat this disease, showing favorable results. Between November 1989 and October 1992, 20 female patients with hemorrhagic radiation cystitis were treated with HBO at a pressure of 2.5 atm abs, breathing 100% O2 for 100 min in our multiplace hyperbaric chamber. After an average of 44 HBO sessions, macroscopic hematuria was completely halted in 16 patients (80%) and markedly decreased in 2 patients (10%). Comparison of the cystoscopic findings before and after HBO showed a significant decrease in hemorrhagic sites and telangiectasis of the bladder mucosa. One patient had urinary frequency and urgency without hematuria during her hospital stay. After 30 sessions of HBO therapy, her symptoms subsided, and the cystoscopic findings were much improved. Only one patient failed to respond to HBO and underwent ileal conduit diversion. The mean follow-up period was 14 mo. (5-41 mo.). From our clinical results and cystoscopic findings, we suggest that HBO is an effective and safe treatment for hemorrhagic radiation cystitis.
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Abstract
[Hyperbaric oxygen therapy--an adjuvant therapeutic procedure with problem cases in reconstructive bone surgery]
Authors: Steckeler S , Botel U , Warninghoff V
Klinik fur Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie im Klinikum der Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel.
Fortschr Kiefer Gesichtschir; 39:164-7 1994
Abstract: Prolonged and compromised wound-healing, i.e. in scar tissue or after irradiation, often causes problems, especially when free transplants, for example for bony reconstruction of the mandible after resection of tumor, are used. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBO) means breathing of pure (100%) oxygen under increased athmospherical pressure. HBO induces high oxygen partial pressure in all tissues and also has an antioedematous effect, causes activation of fibroblasts and macrophages, stimulates angioneogenesis and has a bacteriostatic and bacteriocidic effect. We used HBO since 1991 in 27 patients, nine of them underwent bony reconstruction of the mandible. In our opinion HBO is a very helpful tool in the management of problem-wound-healing, assisting the classical surgical principles. problem cases in reconstructive bone surgery] New Search
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy following radical vulvectomy: an adjunctive therapy to improve wound healing.
Authors: Reedy MB , Capen CV , Baker DP , Petersen WG , Kuehl TJ
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Scott & White Clinic, Temple, TX 76508.
Gynecol Oncol; 53(1):13-6 1994
Abstract: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of postoperative hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on wound breakdown following radical vulvectomy. A prospective, observational study was performed on patients undergoing radical vulvectomy from October 1990 to March 1993 at Scott and White Memorial Hospital, Temple, Texas. HBO therapy was initiated in the postoperative period. Retrospective review of all patients coded as radical vulvectomy from 1987 to 1990 provides for a historical comparison. Eight patients were enrolled in the study. Six patients had radical vulvectomies with lymph node dissections (LND) and two did not. One wound breakdown was observed in the HBO-treated patients. Retrospective review identified 22 patients as having undergone radical vulvectomy with or without LND. Seven of 9 patients with LND and 3 of 13 without LND had wound breakdowns. A significant difference (P = 0.035) was found comparing patients treated with LND and HBO to retrospective controls with LND. Hospitalization was shorter in the HBO-treated patients. This small study showed a reduction in wound breakdown for patients undergoing radical vulvectomy with LND and HBO therapy compared to similar patients not treated with HBO. This observation supports the need for randomized studies examining the efficacy of HBO therapy in this group of patients. therapy to improve wound healing.
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen and postradiation osteonecrosis of the mandible.
Authors: McKenzie MR , Wong FL , Epstein JB , Lepawsky M
Division of Radiation Oncology, B.C. Cancer Agency, Vancouver Clinic, Canada.
Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol; 29B(3):201-7 1993
Abstract: The clinical and dental records of 26 patients with the clinical diagnosis of postradiation osteonecrosis (PRON) managed with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) were reviewed to determine the efficacy of HBO. 19 patients were male and 7 were female; age at the first HBO session ranged from 28 to 80 years (median 57.5 years). All but 8 patients reviewed had some form of surgical management; 7 had mandibulectomy for PRON. As part of management, a total of 9-84 HBO sessions (median 35 sessions) was administered. 18 of the 26 patients ultimately achieved persistent mucosal and cutaneous coverage 1-84 months (median 24 months) after the first HBO session. 13 of the 26 patients met strict criteria for resolution of their disease; fully 21 of 26 patients had improved PRON status following HBO therapy. HBO treatment as part of a comprehensive management plan is safe and effective in the management of PRON.
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen and the cancer patient: a survey of practice patterns.
Authors: Feldmeier JJ , Heimbach RD , Davolt DA , Brakora MJ
Department of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
Undersea Hyperb Med; 20(4):337-45 1993
Abstract: A questionnaire was sent to 179 clinical hyperbaric medicine facilities to survey treatment policies and referral patterns for patients with a history of malignancy. Eighty-five surveys were returned. Most respondents indicated that they would accept patients with a history of malignancy for either adjuvant or emergent hyperbaric oxygen (HBO). Depending on specific circumstances, from about one third to one half of respondents believed that such patients should be informed of a theoretical potential for tumor acceleration or reactivation. An overwhelming majority had not personally attended nor had they been told by colleagues of cases of patients whose malignancy had been activated or accelerated by HBO. A large majority felt that referring physicians did not believe that HBO was carcinogenic, and that referrals were not prevented by such concerns. Seven percent believed that HBO is potentially carcinogenic. Forty-two percent of respondents felt that they might be at risk for malpractice litigation if a patient had reactivation or acceleration of a malignancy. Among respondents to the questionnaire, there is a consensus that HBO does not have cancer-promoting or accelerating properties.
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen as an adjunctive treatment for severe laryngeal necrosis: a report of nine consecutive cases.
Authors: Feldmeier JJ , Heimbach RD , Davolt DA , Brakora MJ
Department of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201.
Undersea Hyperb Med; 20(4):329-35 1993
Abstract: Laryngeal necrosis is a rare complication of therapeutic radiation, but when it does occur there is no established, definitive treatment and laryngectomy is frequently required. This report is a retrospective review of all patients referred for hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy to a single hyperbaric medicine unit for treatment of their laryngeal necrosis between 1980 and 1985. Nine patients were in this series. One patient had had a vertical hemilaryngectomy and another a supraglottic laryngectomy before referral. Eight of the nine patients had a Chandler grade IV necrosis and the ninth had a Chandler grade III necrosis. All nine patients were able to maintain their voice until death or last follow up. Seven of the nine patients maintained good voice quality while two exhibited some hoarseness. All patients with tracheostomies were able to be decannulated, and all patients with fistulae had these closed. No untoward reactions to HBO occurred. Based on this review, HBO is recommended as a therapeutic option whenever laryngeal necrosis occurs and there is a chance to save the larynx. necrosis: a report of nine consecutive cases.
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen as prophylaxis or treatment for radiation myelitis.
Authors: Feldmeier JJ , Lange JD , Cox SD , Chou LJ , Ciaravino V
Department of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201.
Undersea Hyperb Med; 20(3):249-55 1993
Abstract: This animal study was designed to investigate HBO as a treatment or prophylaxis for radiation myelitis. All animals received identical spinal cord radiation doses of 69 Gy in 10 daily fractions. Group I received no HBO; group II began HBO at the onset of signs of myelitis; group III received HBO with prophylactic intent beginning 6 wk after irradiation; and group IV received both modalities on the same day, but radiation always preceded HBO by at least 4 h. HBO consisted of 90 min oxygen at 2.4 atm abs for 20 daily treatments. Animals were objectively assessed for the loss of certain neurologic reflexes indicative of four levels of myelitis. Although all animals progressed to severe myelitis, group III animals had group-averaged levels of myelitis consistently less than control. The differences were statistically significant for several weeks. Group IV animals progressed to severe myelitis much more rapidly than any other group. Additional study is justified by this trial. Key questions to be answered include the optimal timing of HBO to produce a beneficial rather than detrimental effect.
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Abstract
Visual recovery from radiation-induced optic neuropathy. The role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
Authors: Borruat FX , Schatz NJ , Glaser JS , Feun LG , Matos L
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, University of Miami, Florida.
J Clin Neuroophthalmol; 13(2):98-101 1993
Abstract: Optic neuropathy resulting in permanent visual loss is an infrequent delayed complication of radiation therapy. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) has been used to treat such a complication, but its efficacy is controversial. We report a patient who presented with radiation-induced optic neuropathy 17 months after irradiation for a left maxillary antrum melanoma. HBO fully reversed visual loss in the more recently involved eye, and slightly improved vision in the earlier affected eye. hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen treatment for experimental cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.
Authors: Hader JE , Marzella L , Myers RA , Jacobs SC , Naslund MJ
Division of Urology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.
J Urol; 149(6):1617-21 1993
Abstract: Acrolein is a toxic metabolite of cyclophosphamide that causes hemorrhagic cystitis in 2 to 40% of treated patients. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) is used to treat poorly healing wounds in conditions such as Fournier's gangrene and radiation-induced cystitis. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of HBO on acute acrolein-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in a rat model. Rats were divided into 4 groups. Group I served as a control and received only HBO prior to sacrifice. Group II received acrolein only, while groups III and IV received acrolein as well as HBO therapy. Hyperbaric oxygen (100% oxygen, 2.8 atmospheres, 90 minutes) was delivered twice a day for 4 days, with group III receiving a fifth HBO treatment just before acrolein and group IV receiving the fifth HBO treatment just after acrolein. After therapy, the amount of urothelial injury was determined morphometrically. Group II untreated rat bladders had only 33% of the urothelium intact after acrolein injury, whereas groups III and IV rat bladders had 93% (p < 0.01) and 55% (p < 0.01) intact urothelium, respectively, after treatment with HBO. The timing of the HBO treatment appeared to be a critical factor, with less injury occurring if the fifth HBO treatment immediately preceded acrolein. These results suggest that HBO may be useful as prophylaxis and treatment of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. hemorrhagic cystitis.
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Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and squamous cell carcinoma cell line growth.
Authors: Sklizovic D , Sanger JR , Kindwall EP , Fink JG , Grunert BK , Campbell BH
Department of Otolaryngology and Human Communication, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226.
Head Neck; 15(3):236-40 1993
Abstract: Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) promotes tissue healing by increasing oxygenation. Therefore, HBO therapy is clinically useful for some patients who have undergone major cancer resection and/or radiotherapy to the head and neck. For individual patients, however, there might be undetected viable tumor present at the time of therapy. This study was performed to determine if increased tissue oxygen had a measurable effect on the growth of squamous carcinoma xenotransplants which had been derived from head and neck cancers. After the successful growth of two well-established human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (183 and 1483), each tumor was transplanted into 20 mice. Every mouse received four transplants of 10(6) cells. Ten mice with 40 xenotransplants in each group were treated with HBO daily for 90 minutes at a pressure of 2 atm, whereas the other 10 formed the control group. The mice transplanted with cell line 1483 were treated for 21 days; mice transplanted with cell line 183 were treated for 28 days. The tumor weight, volume, and histology were evaluated. No significant difference was found between experimental groups. This study suggests that increased tissue oxygen neither significantly increases nor decreases the growth of squamous cell carcinoma. growth.
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Abstract
Fluosol and hyperbaric oxygen as an adjunct to radiation therapy in the treatment of malignant gliomas: A pilot study
Authors: Dowling S , Fischer JJ , Rockwell S
Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Biomater Artif Cells Immobilization Biotechnol; 20(2-4):903-5 1992
Abstract: Several clinical trials have been reported using Fluosol and oxygen breathing as an adjunct to radiation. Theoretical considerations and animal experiments, however, indicate that a combination of perfluorochemicals and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) increases tumor oxygenation and radiation response to a greater extent than is seen either with a perfluorochemical and normobaric oxygen or with HBO alone. This is the first report of a pilot study of the use of Fluosol and HBO with radiation in humans. Twenty patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or glioblastoma multiforme were treated in a Phase I trial of radiation with Fluosol and HBO at three atmospheres. Total Fluosol dose was escalated from 42 ml/kg in six courses to 80 ml/kg in four courses. Patients were irradiated in an HBO chamber with 600 cGy weekly fractions following Fluosol administration. Sixteen patients completed treatment; no interruption was necessitated by treatment toxicity. The addition of Fluosol/HBO did not increase the incidence of HBO related toxicities. No significant chronic toxicities were seen. This pilot study demonstrates that Fluosol and HBO can safely be used as an adjunct to radiation in the treatment of human tumors.
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The information provided by Hyperbaric Medical Center of New Mexico does not constitute a medical recommendation. It is intended for informational purposes only, and no claims, either real or implied, are being made.
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